systemctl命令来自于英文词组”system control“的缩写,其功能是用于管理系统服务。从RHEL/CentOS7版本之后初始化进程服务init被替代成了systemd服务,systemd初始化进程服务的管理是通过systemctl命令完成的,从功能上涵盖了之前service、chkconfig、init、setup等多条命令的大部分功能。
语法格式:systemctl 参数 服务
常用参数:
start | 启动服务 |
stop | 停止服务 |
restart | 重启服务 |
enable | 使某服务开机自启 |
disable | 关闭某服务开机自启 |
status | 查看服务状态 |
list -units --type=service | 列举所有已启动服务 |
参考实例
启动指定的服务:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl start sshd
停止指定的服务:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl stop sshd
重启指定的服务:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl restart sshd
查看指定服务的运行状态:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl status sshd ● sshd.service - OpenSSH server daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; enabled; vendor preset> Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-05-12 17:02:08 CST; 23s ago Docs: man:sshd(8) man:sshd_config(5) Main PID: 3015 (sshd) Tasks: 1 (limit: 12391) Memory: 1.5M CGroup: /system.slice/sshd.service └─3015 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-p> May 12 17:02:08 linuxcool.com systemd[1]: Stopped OpenSSH server daemon. May 12 17:02:08 linuxcool.com systemd[1]: Starting OpenSSH server daemon... May 12 17:02:08 linuxcool.com sshd[3015]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22. May 12 17:02:08 linuxcool.com sshd[3015]: Server listening on :: port 22. May 12 17:02:08 linuxcool.com systemd[1]: Started OpenSSH server daemon. lines 1-16/16 (END)
将指定的服务加入到开机启动项中:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl enable sshd
将指定的服务从开机启动项中取消:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl disable sshd
显示系统中所有已启动的服务列表信息:
[root@linuxcool ~]# systemctl list-units --type=service UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION accounts-daemon.service loaded active running Accounts Service atd.service loaded active running Job spooling tools auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service avahi-daemon.service loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack bolt.service loaded active running Thunderbolt system service colord.service loaded active running Manage, Install and Gener> crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler cups.service loaded active running CUPS Scheduler